Managerial Economic Decision Making Essay

From the e-Activity, assess how business leaders use managerial economics to make business decisions indicating how profits may be impacted. Analyze the principal-agent problem to determine how the relationship could be less adversarial. Provide support for your rationale. ECO 550 Week 1 DQ 2: Fundamental Economic Concepts Pick a recently released good or service. Then, determine the factors that must be evaluated regarding the product’s supply and demand. Analyze how these factors impact the decision to supply the product indicating the significance of each in the decision-making process. Using the same product example above, analyzing how the risk tolerance factors play in supplying the good or service and how this should influence management’s decisions ECO 550 Week 2 DQ 1: Demand Analysis From the e-Activity, if you were a manager in a tobacco company, analyze the elasticity of demand for tobacco products. Evaluate the factors involved in making decisions about pricing tobacco products indicating which would be the most influential. Using the same scenario above, discuss how the elasticity influence the short-term and long-term decisions of the company and the impact to the decision made related to profitability. ECO 550 Week 2 DQ 2: Estimating Demand Provide an example when it would be appropriate to conduct a time-series or cross sectional data. Discuss the potential problems that may arise with your example and identify strategies for minimizing the impact of the potential problems. Discuss the meaning of the regression coefficient of the independent variable(s) and how it could be used to estimate the elasticities of each of these variables. Discuss how managers use the elasticities measurements to make managerial decisions. ECO 550 Week 3 DQ 1: Business and Economic Forecasting From the e-Activity, develop a regression equation using the data you  collected from your research. Use the regression equation to focus the demand for the product you chose for the next three periods. Assess what the results of the regression equation tells managers and how it is likely to impact decisions made related to maximizing profitability. †¢ Imagine you are a manager for the good or service used above. From the results of the regression equation, suggest strategies to either maintain demand (if an increase over three periods occurs) or improve demand (if a decrease over three periods occurs). Provide support for your recommendations ECO 550 Week 3 DQ 2: Managing in the Global Economy Evaluate the relationship between the European Euro crisis in 2012 and the American economy. Assess how this affects American businesses and decisions made by mangers related to sustainable profitability. Provide examples with your response. Aside from maximizing profits, assess the factors that managers must consider when making the decision to outsource or integrate forwards or backwards considering which factor would be most influential for decision-making. ECO 550 Week 4 DQ 1: Production Economics From the e-Activity, determine the environmental variable most likely to affect the short-run production over the next 12 months. Determine what managers can do to prepare for the possible change in short-run production. Pick a real or fictitious business. Create a scenario around this business in which a manager would decide to either stop operations in the short-run or going out of business in the long-run. Provide a rationale with your response ECO 550 Week 4 DQ 2: Cost Analysis Pick a good or service. Distinguish between the short-run and the long-run production and cost function for that good or service. Discuss how price plays a role in short-run and the long-run decisions and how managers are likely to respond in each case. Using the same good or service from above. Identify the fixed and variables costs are for the good or service. Based upon the costs identified, recommend whether to produce or not produce the good or service. Provide a rationale with your response ECO 550 Week 5 DQ 1: Applications of Cost Theory Imagine you are a manager of a chemical company. An accident has occurred in which chemicals leaked into the ground water nearby, the community is unaware. Assess the costs involved in cleaning up the water immediately (confessing) versus hiding the fact and possibly paying more in the future. Discuss the impact on profitability in both situations. From the first e-Activity, assess the factors involved in conducting a break-even analysis. Determine the conditions that may exist for a manager of this good or service may decide to move forward with operations even with the initial costs of operations is more than the potential revenue ECO 550 Week 5 DQ 2: Prices, Output and Strategy Pick a good or service you are familiar. Speculate how the price for that good or service may have been set and how well this price maximizes profit for the company and determine what shifts the company should made in its pricing strategy. Provide support for your recommendations. From the second e-Activity, discuss how the company you selected should increase its competitive stance in the marketplace and how management would implement the recommendations. Provide specific examples to support your response ECO 550 Week 6 DQ 1: Monopolies From the first e-Activity, imagine this company acting as a monopoly was to have a new competitor arrive in the marketplace. Assess how the monopoly would likely change its pricing strategy to compensate for the new competition. From the first e-Activity, speculate how the monopolist could be more efficient in the long-run considering new competition has entered the marketplace ECO 550 Week 6 DQ 2: Oligopoly From the second e-Activity, assess the marketing and pricing strategies, for example rebates, to determine the goal(s) of the marketing and pricing strategies for one of the companies you researched. Make one recommendation for changes that the company should make to better maximize profits. The Internet has made shopping for airline tickets efficient for the consumer. As a result, the industry overall is price sensitive. Suggest how the airlines can maximize profits while avoiding price wars. ECO 550 Week 7 DQ 1: Game Theory Please respond to the following: †¢ Demand for airline tickets fluctuates throughout the year, which affects the price of an airline ticket. Suggest the type of game that may be most appropriate for a specific airline to play to address the differences in demand and elasticity and the resulting impact on profitability. Provide support for your reply. †¢ From the first e-Activity, propose a short-term and long-term pricing strategy for the product or service you researched including how the strategies would be implemented. Assess how your proposal ultimately maximizes profits ECO 550 Week 7 DQ 2: Pricing Techniques From the second e-Activity, propose the new target market segment for the product and its accompanying pricing strategy (for example, bundling and couponing). Provide a rational for why you feel the new target market and pricing strategy would be successful and the likely impact to the profitability of the firm. The pharmaceutical industry often has the luxury of implementing pricing strategies that appear high to consumers. Take a position on the fairness of the industry’s approach to pricing pharmaceutical products including offering an alternative strategy that may be more palatable to consumers. Provide a rationale with your position ECO 550 Week 8 DQ 1: Contracting From the e-Activity, propose a methodology for assessing the risk in business contracts. Assess the economic impact this methodology may have for the organization. Analyze a situation in which both parties entering into a contract could benefit, economically or otherwise, from slightly ambiguous language contained in the contract. Provide specific examples to support your response. ECO 550 Week 8 DQ 2: Organization Form Analyze the potential downfalls of any team effort and make at least one recommendation for minimizing risk. Provide specific examples to support your response. Evaluate the organization form that would be most efficient in minimizing the principal-agent problem. Provide a rationale with your response ECO 550 Week 9 DQ 1: Government Regulation From the e-Activity, take a position on whether more government regulation is needed in the banking industry. Support your position with evidence or examples. Provide an example of how government regulation is either constraining or enabling for a particular company indicating the impact to the operational efficiency of the company. Discuss how your response impacts maximizing shareholder wealth ECO 550 Week 9 DQ 2: Antitrust and Licensing Imagine how managerial decisions may be easier or more difficult if there were no antitrust restrictions in the U.S. Provide an example to support your response. The IT industry is full of patents. There are some companies, referred to as patent trolls, whom purchase these patents in hopes of making money by enforcing patents against alleged infringers. Determine the impact of government regulation against patent trolls. Identify who wins and who loses if regulation was adopted ECO 550 Week 10 DQ 1: Capital Investments With the current U.S. economy in a weakened state, many companies are reluctant to implement any capital improvements or capital expenditures in fear of the economic uncertainty that exists that may negatively impact the cash flow of the organization. Assess the impact of this behavior on productivity, cost efficiency, diversification of assets, or impact to future cash flows that may emerge if companies continue this mindset indicating the long-term risk to profitability. Provide an example or scenario to support your response. Analyze the challenges that companies face in entering global markets. Identify the potential impact to capital budgets in making the decision to move into a global market ECO 550 Week 10 DQ 2: Cost-Benefit Analysis Provide a cost-benefit analysis for a company which has to decide whether to hire more staff or hire temporary workers to meet production schedules. Determine how managers would use your cost-benefit analysis to make this decision. Conduct a cost-benefit analysis of obtaining a graduate degree. Assess both the short-term and the long-term costs and benefits to determine why some people obtain the extra education while others do not Copy this link to your browser and download: http://www.oassignment.com/ECO-550-Week-1-to-10-Discussion-Questions-1322.htm

Mapping Channel Flows in the Music CD industry

In the music CD industry, the choice of the efficient marketing policy is one of the crucial factors in the success of the particular brand. CD’s are one of low-involvement products which can be bought by the customers out of the large selection. In order to be successful, every particular producer in the music industry has to define the marketing mix of the product which includes product, price, promotion, and place. While the first 3 components of marketing mix are very important, the last one which is place seems to â€Å"catch all† of the 4 P’s.Place is a very complex component of marketing mix because it includes such important areas of marketing as decisions about channels, logistics, retailing, customer support and many other issues. The right choice of distribution policy and channels are very important for the success of the producer, and those aspects cannot be neglected.The easiest way for the producer to sell the products to the final customers is by direct selling. The dialog between the supplier and the buyer is the easiest way in which the product can be purchased. However, most industries do not have such a luxury. It becomes inefficient for the producer to sell items directly to the customer, and he gives those functions to all types of intermediaries. In most cases, complex industries have a whole chain of intermediaries which bring the product to the end-user. This system of distribution represents a kind of a channel through which from the producer to the first intermediary and from the first intermediary to all others one by one product, payments, and information flow are channeled.Whenever the chain is very long, it’s obvious that every member in the chain, as well as the end-user has his specific needs, which all have to be taken into account by the producer. It’s very important to make sure that the information flow through the channel does not break. The more intermediaries there are between the produc er and the end-user, the more complicated the relationships inside the channel become, and more attention has to be paid by the producer so that the quality of the product remains high as in the very beginning of the chain. CD’s industry deals with rights on a particular part of property, therefore it’s very important to maintain the chain of suitable distributors which provide the highest quality of the music record companies products.The most widely-used forms of â€Å"channels† of distributions used by the companies include the following:v Selling direct (with the help of salesforce);v Mail order (including telephone sales);v Retailer;v Wholesaler;v Agent (who acts on the behalf of the producer) (Mercer, 467)In order to maintain the quality of the production, it’s necessary for the producer to keep some control over the members of the distribution channel. Most music record companies pay close attention to that. Once the control is entirely lost, it mi ght be hard for the producer to monitor the sales and the quality. The most efficient structure is when the producer structures the distribution channel by himself. Depending on what market the producer is in, this issue touches him in a different way. For example, when the producer produces mass consumer goods and there are many competitors in the market offering the same type of product, it’s not that important for the producer to control all the distributors who offer his product.The producer’s goal is to increase the number of distributors offering his product because he wants to have a large share of the market. In the opposite case, when the goods produced by the company have some unique features and the company competes with competitors mostly in quality, it has to take responsibility over the quality of the products which it offers and may suffer losses if the quality of the products end-users receive is low. Therefore, the producer will very much care in such a case about the quality of the goods which are offered to the end-users, and do his best to determine only very reliable distributors of his production in order to have a strong emphasize on quality. The mentioned approaches which can be used by the producer in the distribution policy therefore include:1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Intensive distribution;2.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Selective distribution;3.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Exclusive distribution.In the case of the intensive distribution, the main emphasize is made on the number of distributors selling the company’s product. The price competition is evident in such a case and quality of all the similar goods offered in the market is pretty much the same.Selective distribution means that the producer selects suitable distributors to re-sell the product. Those distributors who have a good reputation get a chance to sell the company’s products. The selection can be quite wide, and the producer in such a case in not very concerned about the top quality of the products which he is offering. Exclusive distribution is common in such fields where companies offer products with unique characteristics and the main point of the marketing policy of the company is offering goods of the highest quality. Every little detail of the product is important in such a case.Therefore, companies choose a very limited selection of distributors who will be re-selling their product in order to maintain the highest quality. The main partners of the company in the distribution channels include such establishments as specialty outlets, supermarkets, department stores, and discount outlets. Specialty outlets have a narrow product line (Mercer, 473). For example, in fashion industry specialty outlets aim at women of a specific age group with a specific taste. Such distributors offer a greater degree of personal service and usually the selection of products for the targeted group of customers is very large.Supermarkets can be characteriz ed by the following principles: self-service and self-selection displays; centralization of customer services; large scale; a strong price emphasize; a broad assortment of merchandise. The most famous supermarkets include Sainsbury, Tesco, Wal-Mart, and others. Department stores cover a large variety of products in different departments of the stores and offers great competition for supermarkets. Examples of department stores include Boots, Marks & Spencer, British Home Stores. Discount outlets specialize in a â€Å"high turnover at low cost†. They usually specialize in products of one field and get a 30-day credit from their suppliers. For example, they include Dixons in consumer electronics/electrical; MFI in furniture.A major feature of the distribution channel is that there is a â€Å"value-add’ of every level of channel. Just as the product and information are channeled from one level of the channel to another, the value is also added at every level step by step. For example, in the music industry, the value is first added by the manufacturer who makes the music label, then the CD’s are passed to distributors, sometimes on a couple of levels until they reach the customer. At every level, the value is added because more companies participate in the process.The manufacturer is the one who owns the music label and therefore is the main player in the game. He adds the most value to the product, which consists of the cost of production and the profit. However, without the distributors the CD would not be able to get the end-users, so at every level of the channel new value is added to the primary product. The first level of distributors can be wholesalers, the second level can consist of retailers. Therefore, value is added at 3 levels until it reaches the end-user.In the music industry, the efficiency of channel members is very high. Companies producing CD’s pay close attention to the distributors who specialize in selling CD†™s and for the most part, those channels fall into the category of selective distribution. The channel distribution in the music industry is very complex due to the characteristic features of the industry. Nowadays, there are many companies which produce CD’s (give the music label) and there are many customers in the market who are willing to buy those CD’s.   For example, Sony Records, Inc. is one of the leaders in the music industry production.However, it faces some competition in the market. Customers can give preference to CD’s produced by other companies as well. Therefore, every music record company needs to make sure there are many distributors who are brining CD’s to the end-users and also maintain high quality of the product. The distributors in the music industry include music stores which deal with CD’s in particular, supermarkets where one can also find this product, and Internet distributors which specialize in music CD’s. T he chain of distributors is quite large in the music industry. It’s very important for music record companies to provide the highest quality of their musical CD’s.One of the reasons of the need in high quality is that nowadays music record companies face sharp competition from the Internet. It has become very simple for people who are fond of music to download music files from the Internet, and they no longer need to go into the music stores in order to get the CD’s. The files which people can download from different sites are free of charge, and no money goes to the singers from those operations. One of the ways to fight with that competition for music record companies is by offering the highest quality of their products. If a person can buy a CD of the highest quality in the music store, he might stick to it and not use Internet for getting his favorite music albums.Another way is to include Internet distributors of music products which can compete with free m usic upload by offering additional services. Such distributors as Amazon.com for example can guarantee high volumes of CD’s sales due to its closeness to the customer. It’s common truth that many people who use Internet are interested in music. As long as they can order their favorite CD’s on Amazon.com, they will keep their hands off the free file upload. However, in such a case the emphasize on the quality is important as never: the customers will order CD’s from Amazon.com as long as the quality of CD’s is beyond competition. In addition to that, it’s important to make sure Internet users get some additional benefits together with CD’s, for example, suggestions about their future possible purchases, discounts, or free information about their favorite singers.The efficiency of the CD’s and payment in the music industry through the distribution channel is very efficient but there can be some developments made in it. The most i mportant is to keep in mind the importance of Internet in the distribution of CD’s. It’s also possible to devote some attention to such types of direct marketing as teleselling, direct mail, and direct selling. By mailing catalogues to potential customers, large volumes of sales can be achieved. For maximum efficiency of distribution in music industry, it’s necessary for music record companies to devote lots of attention to maintaining a large chain of distributors but at the same time monitor the quality of the products which are being offered to end-users.Bibliography.David Mercer. Marketing. Blackwell Business. 1992. J. Barry Manson, Moris L. Mayer, Hazel F Ezell. Foundations of Retailing. Business Publications, Inc., 1984. Kevin J. Clancy, Robert S. Shulman. The Marketing Revolution. HarperBusiness, 1991. Kotler. Marketing Management. 1986. R.M. Johnson. Market segmentation: a strategic marketing tool. Journal of Marketing research, vol. 7, 1981.

Seminar 1 bio nutrition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Seminar 1 bio nutrition - Essay Example - Shredded Wheat), and one that is NOT nutritious (e.g. – Oreos). Compare the following areas: Ingredient List, Daily Values, Nutrition Facts, and Health Messages. What would be the consequences of daily consumption of each of these cereals for a lifetime? Let us cite the most obvious ingredient between a cereal and an Oreo which is carbohydrates, protein, sugar and fiber content per serving. Oreo has 160 calories, 1g fiber, 14g sugar and 1 protein while shredded wheat has 128.6 calories, 3.5 fiber and 5.3 protein and 0 sugar. At least Oreo has no pretension to be a healthy food and rather capitalize on its taste and experience (evident with the gimmickry of its advertisements). Shredded Wheat on the other hand conveys the message that it is good for your heart and digestion and makes you lose weight. This is true when taken regularly because shredded wheat is fortified with omega 3 which reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The high fiber content of shredded wheat can improve digestion because it â€Å"mops out† dirt in the intestine as well as oil in our system. The protein will build muscle provided a person will exercise. The net effect to person’s body with this diet is reduced weight and free from hypertens ion and cardiovascular disease. Oreo on the other hand when taken as diet, will make a person fat, diabetic and susceptible to cardiovascular disease. Phytochemicals are compounds produced by plants. They are chemicals produced by vegetables, fruits, grains and other plants. The most commonly known phytochemicals are beta carotene, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), folic acid, and vitamin E (American Cancer Society, 2008). The good sources of phytochemicals are polyphenols and carotenoids. Polyphenols are plant chemicals found in a wide of fruits, grains and vegetables such as cabbage, eggplants, grapes etch. Carotenoids on the other hand are those plants and fruits that contain

Fallacious reasoning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Fallacious reasoning - Assignment Example The most common fallacies in advertisements are appeal to emotions and ad hominem. In the ad hominem fallacy, the reasoning attacks the person rather than the issue at hand while in the appeal to emotions, the reasoning manipulates the emotions of the listeners in order to get their emotions (Carey, 2000).. Consider an advertisement during the Super Bowl Commercials 2012 in which David Beckham advertises H & M’s underwear (Hall, 2012). No one can dispute the effectiveness of the advert because it is perfect and provokes the market for the product. The advert employs fallacious reasoning through playing with the emotions of the listeners and viewers. The company employs the fallacy appealing to emotions. The company exploits the fact that in most cases, females do the purchasing of males’ underwear garments. These are mothers, girlfriends, and wives. Beckham is highly loved and appreciated worldwide especially by females. He is a known figure in the world of soccer, hence has a following among the football fans (Hall, 2012). The fallacy here aims at capturing the emotions of the viewers, hence make them purchase the garment. The company reasons that the multitude’s love for Beckham will make them love the garment, which is not necessarily

The Economic Environment of Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

The Economic Environment of Business - Essay Example Other market drivers for these milk products are the increased variety of products including flavoured milk, and also the increased advertising efforts by companies. Suppliers and processors of milk products have adopted measures that aid them to act on interest of consumers. However the market for milk products faced difficulties in the year 2001 to 2002 due to very low farm gate prices and the foot and mouth diseases that affected UK herds, UK milk quotas and the low farm gates has led to the prices being lower than the cost of production placing the farmers under great pressure and also extend on their limits. 2 Some of the major companies in the UK involved in the production of milk and milk products include; Robert Wiseman Dairies, Unilever Best foods UK Ltd, The Yeo Valley Organic Company Ltd, The Kerry gold Company, Kraft Foods UK Ltd, New Zealand Milk Product Ltd, Dairy Crest Group and the Muller Dairy company. 3 Milk and milk products producing firms assume an oligopoly market structure where there are restrictions or barriers to entry, these barriers to entry are associated with health issues and also the prevention of unhealthy competition, market prices are causing these firms to shut down and also the farmers are under pressure in the production of milk to these prices. Market structure that exists: The market structure that exists in this industry is an oligopoly structure, an oligopoly market structure the market is usually dominated by a few firms, this type of market structure falls between a perfect competition and a pure monopoly. This type of market there are times when there is high competition while at other times the firms in an oligopoly may collude by fixing prices and dominate the market.4 The firms in an oligopoly market are faced with a kinked demand curve and this is for the simple reason that if a firm raises the price of the product it is not followed by others. On the other hand if it reduces its prices he is followed by the others, this is the reason why the demand curve at high prices of the product is quite elastic and at lower prices the demand curve is quite inelastic. 5 This is diagrammatically illustrated below: Determination of price and quantity The average revenue curve represent the demand curve which in this case is kinked, if a firm in this industry raises its price it is not followed by others, if it reduces its price it will be followed by others, therefore the price and quantity in this industry is determined by the price of others, one firm will not raise its prices without considering the decisions to be made by other firms.6 However sometimes the firms may collude and dominate the market, therefore the price in this kind of market is determined by market forces and in this case they become price takers and sometimes the price is determined by the firms and this case they become the price makers. Barriers to entry Barriers of entry into the milk producing industry is necessary in that it helps in the prevention of

Harlem Rena Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Harlem Rena - Essay Example This re-birth of the cultural, social, education and civic norms, changed the society as a whole. This era in which the great depression was going on and millions of people were jobless, put a new life in the black people of America (Carry, 1998). This era had produced many great scholars, poets and authors. Out of which, the poems of two such poets and the concept of double consciousness developed in their work () is discussed here. The poem discussed first is Langston Hughes’s â€Å"Let America be America Once Again†. It is an emotional piece of culture in which the poet credits America being the land of free, brave and harmonious people. The society which sets its foundation on educational institutes and industrialization, the country which was the land of dreams for many black people around the world and specially in America, who fought for America, died for it and relied on it. The poet terms America as the land of free where there is no freedom, no matter how much sacrifices you have made. There is strong disgust about the inequality, coercion, poverty and injustice through which every black person had to go through. This poem depicts the mentality of white superiority over the black and red people. Both of whom had given blood in the foundation of this very country. Langston also saddened by the fact that the black people being humiliated on the base of their culture, they were called barbarians because of their civilization, their self-respect is being shattered and their self-esteem is being drown in the fury of white supremacy. And it shares a strong emotional feeling that it is not the America for which his forefathers wandered around the world, it is not that America for which they had sacrificed their lives. It was never America to me said the poet. But in the end he didn’t let the hope go down and believes that America would be America again. Second poem selected here is James

Case Study, University's President Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

, University's President - Case Study Example Moreover, rather than providing access to a pension plan or a severance package immediately after the incident came to light or upon firing Dr. Jameson, the university instead dragged their collective feet and only seemed to withdraw such an offer after a broad outcry within and without of the university; further hurting the university’s credibility. 2. What do you think would have been the best way for legal authorities to have dealt with Jameson's behaviour? As was described in the case, the legal authorities that dealt with this particular case acted in the only reasonsable way that they could have. The evidence was gathered, individuals were interviewed, and after it was proven that the calls originated from the private office of Dr. Jameson official charges were announced. Many might counter that these charges were too lenient; however, the fact remains that even though these calls were reprehensible, Dr. Jameson did not in fact engage in any of the activities that he dis cussed. 3. Was it a wise decision to allow Dr Jameson to once again teach courses to (under)graduate students? Why (not)? It is the strong belief of this student that the decision to allow Dr Jameson to resign was entirely incongruous with the allowance that he remained tenured and on staff as a lecturer. If the offense that Dr Jameson was required to resign from was so severe that the university could not afford the backlash of retaining him as the university president it was therefore also so severe as to warrant that he be dismissed or forced to resign from any and all other positions with which he could represent the university; to include his teaching position. 4. Could Dr Jameson in your opinion be reappointed at some future time as a president of a university? To say categorically that Dr Jameson could not be reappointed at some time in the future is a broad and categorical statement to make; however, it is the belief of this student that to do so would be to minimize the inc ident that precipitated his fall in the first place. Although Dr Jameson may have many good factors associated with his work and the level of dedication, notoriety, and esteem that he brought to the university, the fact of the matter is that his actions have necessarily precluded any possibility that he should reasonably expect to return to the university and continue to play a part in its direction. 5. Discuss how students, faculty, victims, the wider community and the Board of Trustees probably feel about the fact that Dr Jameson is teaching again. With regards to the broad campus wide sentiment, there appears to be a state of astonishment on the part of both faculty and students with regards to the fact that Dr Jameson is allowed to be on campus and teaching no less. Moreover, such an action does little to bolster the feelings of those within the university that the board of trustees and others are capable of making informed and moral decisions not affected by

Critical Thinking on Global Warming Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Critical Thinking on Global Warming - Essay Example It is therefore global warming is alarming for the planet ("Global Warming"). Studies reveal that the temperature of the Earth has increased by 1Â °F ever since 1900 and it is increasing at much rapid pace since 1970. This augmentation in the temperature of the planet is called Global Warming. Normal greenhouse gases allow only sunlight and impede other hazardous radiations from reaching the Earth’s surface. An increase in temperature is due to emancipation of various gases called as green house gases encompassing smokestacks, vehicles, fossil fuels, appending to the standard Earth’s greenhouse effect. Researchers have estimated that if this rise in temperature will continue it is going to have devastating impact on climate patterns resulting in drifts, melting of glaciers and elevation in the sea level ("Climate changes"). Recent studies show that tundra is in threat along with Greenland where 32 glacial earthquakes occurred at Richter scale of 4.6 to 5.1, a mark of d estabilization of the planet. Recently, Indonesia faced earthquake of Richter scale 8.4. Catastrophes are on rise, red dust was witnessed by people of Australia and USA, hurricane Katrina is an example! Human race is witnessing a global emergency and climate emergency making global warming an International issue of concern ("Global Warming Is An International Issue"). Such reports from scientist keep on pondering human beings but still no concrete measure could be formulated to prevent global warming. An analysis is required to understand the ignorance towards the environment. With the advent of industrialization and to meet the escalating demands of growing population, more industries are being set up for the production of finished goods and job opportunities. For all these set ups and for residential requirements; forests are constantly depreciating. Deforestation is on the rise to create space for these set ups. Plants are depreciating and therefore lesser number of plants are av ailable to take up carbon-di-oxide, again contributing to Global Warming. Approval for construction is obtained through the politicians. In the name of development and progress, politicians are endorsing majority of the developmental projects without giving a thought and concern about the environmental hazard inhabitants are going to witness due to the construction process. In most of the developing nations there is no control over the escalating population as politicians are concerned about their 'votes'. Had they been concerned, the population of the world would not have escalated. Politicians are the ruling bodies of any nation, and it is highly imperative that they must be aware about the happenings going around and should be judgmental in their thoughts and actions to formulate the policies that can promote growth and development in an environmental friendly manner. The present article deals with the political concern about the global warming and what leaders have to say, how c oncern and aware they are about this serious issue. International Concern for Global Warming The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is one of the foremost international organizations working for the evaluation of climatic change. It is developed by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) to offer the world with a clear scientific view about the state of the

Future stage Essay Example for Free

Future stage Essay Choose the stage that has been the biggest challenge for you, thus far. Explain what you have learned about a â€Å"future stage.† How will this information benefit you as you reach that stage? Choose at least three specific goals you have set for yourself as you continue through your lifespan and how you will achieve those goals. How has this course helped you determine those goals? I would have to say Stage 6 universal ethical principle orientation adopt an internal moral code base on universal values that takes precedence over social rules and laws. I have learned that even if you need something don’t steal it. Stealing is the most worst thing you could ever think of. This has reach me not to steal even though I don’t but I will never steal. My three goals is to have money to get what I want not to steal, earn things, and reach to get what and the things I would like to have in life. Choose the stage that has been the biggest challenge for you, thus far. Explain what you have learned about a â€Å"future stage.† How will this information benefit you as you reach that stage? Choose at least three specific goals you have set for yourself as you continue through your lifespan and how you will achieve those goals. How has this course helped you determine those goals? I would have to say Stage 6 universal ethical principle orientation adopt an internal moral code base on universal values that takes precedence over social rules and laws. I have learned that even if you need something don’t steal it. Stealing is the most worst thing you could ever think of. This has reach me not to steal even though I don’t but I will never steal. My three goals is to have money to get w Choose the stage that has been the biggest challenge for you, thus far. Explain what you have learned about a â€Å"future stage.† How will this information benefit you as you reach that stage? Choose at least three specific goals you have set for yourself as you continue through your lifespan and how you will achieve those goals. How has this course helped you determine those goals? I would have to say Stage 6 universal ethical principle orientation adopt an internal moral code base on universal values that takes precedence over social rules and laws. I have learned that even if you need something don’t steal it. Stealing is the most worst thing you could ever think of. This has reach me not to steal even though I don’t but I will never steal. My three goals is to have money to get what I want not to steal, earn things, and reach to get what and the things I would like to have in life. hat I want  not to steal, earn things, and reach to get what and the things I would like to have in life.

Kant Metaphysical Exposition of Space Essay Example for Free

Kant Metaphysical Exposition of Space Essay Explain and asses what you think to be the best argument Kant gives as his Metaphysical Exposition of Space (B37-40) that space cannot be either and actual entity (Newtonian concept) or any independent relation among real things (Leibnizian concepti be on). In other words, is he successful in arguing that space must be (at least) a form of intuition? Do any of his arguments further show that space must be ONLY a form of intuition and not ALSO something Newtonian or Leibnizian? In his Metaphysical Exposition of Space, Kant attempts to show that the experience of space is just a form of intuition. Kant defines space as that of which we sense out side of us, in comparison to our mind, which is our inner sense. This outer sense of space, he claims, is known only to us because we have a intuitive sense of there being space in the first place. Kant asserts this argument in direct response to two other claims about the nature of space. The Newtonian concept of space holds that space is an entity existing in its own right, with objects merely being in it. The Leibnizian concept of space however holds the opposite, space doesnt really exist and is just a relation created between existing objects. Kant believes both concepts are wrong and claims that to first know about objects in space, we must have some deeper knowledge of space to put them in space. He further tries to claim that space is only a form of intuition and not just the foundation to support either of the other two concepts. Kant presents some strong points showing the faults in the other concepts and provides a reason alternative to what makes the nature of space. However his concept too, that space is known only through intuition, also isnt as strong as it should be. It appears that space may be known through intuition from an individual perspective, but on closer investigation, taking in all forms of life and evolution, where did this pre wired intuition of space have its start? Kants concept of space seems to be well grounded in some areas and not in others. Kants definition of space helps him prove that the concept of space is a form of intuition. Space, he holds, is everything that is sensed outside of us. The mind is the inner sense and everything else is in space. We then represent objects in that space, where they are interpreted as having shape, magnitude and relationships to other objects in space. But then what is this space, Kant questions? Not satisfied with the current theories of the nature of time, Kant moves to show their faults through a set of arguments. The Newtonian concept of space claims that space exists as an entity in its own right. This concept is the most user friendly, and it is similar to the common sense view that most people grow up with. That is, we experience objects around us as exist in a void of space, where that void itself can exist on its own. Objects exist in this space, which is an infinite entity. The theory claims that through our sense, sight, touch extra, we learn about the world. We learn from our senses about space and how it works. We start of in the world with no idea of space and through a trial and area type system of learning, we being to understand the nature of space and of objects in it. Space exists and we lean of its existence though life experience. Kant cannot accept the Newtonian concept of space. In his first argument, Kant claims that space is not a concept that has been drawn from our experiences. His reasoning behind this is; how can we know to put the data that we gain from our senses into a world of space if we dont know of space to begin with? That is, to know to put this sensory data into a thing called space, we must first have some idea of space. Kant does not think that it is possible to stumble across the idea of space just through trial and error. Space, he claims, must be an intuitive idea that we are born with, so we know to put the data we gain into some logical order. We cant experience space without first having some idea of it being there. We must know what we are looking for, before we can find it. Kant seems to be onto something with this argument. It does seem plausible to think that the idea of space is already programmed into our brain. For we are objects ourselves that did develop in this world. But then isnt that learning about space through experience just over a few generations. So on a longer time scale we gradually learnt how to interact with space. The intuition of space is just another characteristic that we gain from our ancestors. The species, or life, learnt about space. But this is not what Kant is trying to claim. He is claiming that it is intuition that we have always had, the entire human existence has always had. This on the biological level seems rather odd. Is it just humans that have this intuition? It doesnt seem grounded to answer this question with a yes. But then back in early beings of life, do single cell organisms also have this intuition, do they even know they exist? So Kant must mean fully developed humans, or at least fairly intelligent animals. But this still suggests that having the intuition of space is something that is developed over evolution. So in turn is something that is gain from the species evolutionary experience. It is an odd claim to say that just one day a higher level animal just suddenly experience space. Perhaps now we have some basic animal instinct of how space works, Kant does not justify how this come about. The intuition of space my have evolved, which is a from of long term experience. The Leibnizian concept claims that space is just the relationship between objects and cannot exist on its own. Unlike the Newtonian concept of space, this theory claims that space does not and could not exist without the presents of objects. Space is just an attribute of objects, without them space is not present. If there was no objects there would be no need for space and it would not be present. We see objects all around us, and in order to understand the raw data presented by our senses we dream up relationships among them which we call space. Space is not an entity in its own right, it is simple the relation between existing objects. Kant can also not accept the Leibnizian concept of space. In his second argument, Kant claims that it is possible to have space without the presents of objects. Using a thought experiment Kant tries to show that we can image an empty space, a space without objects in it. He uses the experiment as a direct attack on the Leibnizian concept that space is just an attribute of objects. Kant believes that it is possible to image empty space, free of any objects. He claims that since this is possible space must be more then just an attribute of existing objects. Kants argument here doesnt seem as strong. He just seems to state that we can imagine empty, boundless space. It seems slightly more difficult to achieve then what he makes out. At first it seems sure, we can think of empty space, but is it really empty space that we are imagining here? Maybe we can think of a void, but isnt that just the space between objects? The depths of space, are just long distances from existing objects, not empty space. It seems every time we try to think of space it is in relation to objects or boundaries. Kant tries to make the thought experiment seem simple, but on closer inspection, imagining space total separate to objects is very difficult. Space might be its own existing thing, but it is not shown through this method of reasoning. It still seems plausible that space in known by our intuition, however that intuition is just knowing to see that existing objects have the attribute, and relation to other objects, space. Kant does not strongly prove that space can exist on its own. Kant claims that space is an existing thing that we are born being aware of and nothing more. It can only be this and not a combination of intuition and the Newtonian and Leibnizian concepts of space. It cant be, for example, that space is an intuition of a simple relationship between objects, or that we intuitively need to learn of its existence through experience. Kant uses further arguments to show this. In his third argument Kant further shows that to understand space we must first have the framework set out to understand that space must exist. That is it must be known by pure intuition alone. For the Leibnizian concept to be correct, it would seem possible to think of separate spaces. That is, according to the theory, space only exists with resect to objects, or every object has its own space. It seems the concept is suggesting that there is lots of little spaces everywhere, that connect, or not connect, regarding if the objects are close or near. Kant believes that is not a very reasonable way of seeing how the world or space works. Intuitively we seem to know that there is one infinite space, that maybe divided up by objects, but is still known to be part of the one big whole of space. Kant even seems to suggest that it is impossible for our minds to imagine no space at all. Our intuition of space is so strong, our minds cannot interpret the world without it. Space cannot be intuitive and a relation between objects, Kant believes it must only be known intuitively The mind experiment Kant uses here seems much more agreeable. I does seem that we see space as one big infinite entity, in which all objects exists. The Leibnizian theory does seem to infer that there are lots of little independent spaces following the object they belong to. This seems to be a very strange way of seeing the world indeed, and one very hard to imagine. Kants argument against the Leibnizian concept is strong here, but does it prove that both space is an intuition and not at all an aspect of an object? It appears we can agree with Kant that space is not just a relation between objects, that it exists in its own right. But what is not strong is that intuition is the way we can experience and not through learning from our senses. In his forth and finally argument on the nature of space, Kant tries to show that it is not something we intuitively know to look for, but that we are already born knowing of its existence. Kant believes that it is not possible to interpret the raw data given to us by our senses into any order without first knowing to put it into space. The data would simple not make any sense. And why would just having this data spore the idea of putting into an order of space. How do we know to link that sound with that vision? Yes we learn other things about the world from experience, but this only possible by having the framework of knowing how space works in our heads to being with. All other knowledge is built on the bedrock of us knowing that things outside of us work in space. Kant claims that knowing space is through intuition alone, and through a combination of intuition and learning. Kants argument here is partly agreeable. He makes a strong point that linking to very different experience, like sight and sound, into one event, would be very difficult achieve, if at all, if they werent put into space. From a person to person basis his concept of space is quiet agreeable. If each person was to learn in their life time about how space worked, wouldnt there, by numbers, be some people they never stumble across its working, or even people taking different amounts of time to achieve this knowledge. It would seem that these people would behave very strange in the world. Babies seem to develop an idea of how space works in all about the same way and time frame. If it was up to each individual to learn, or to stumble across the truth, the world would probably be a very different place. So yes, Kant seems to be on the right track that each person is pre wire to expect a world with space, this does not however explain how and when and for what level of life this pre wiring occurred. Kants theory of intuitive space needs to be more developed. Kant finally concludes that space cant be known through trial and error, it cant be an attribute of objects, and must be known through the intuition alone. The raw data that our eyes and ears gather would be useless if our mind didnt have space to make sense of it all. But would space still exist even if it wasnt an intuition? Kant would seem to answer yes to this. So is the need to have the intuition of space to understand it just a human condition? Kants reply to this one does not seem as clear. Surely before humans there were living beings interacting in space. Did these living things need an intuition of space to survive? For humans it seems necessary that we understand the nature of space, otherwise I dont think we would be able to survive. But then if we didnt understand what our senses where telling us by putting them into the concept of space, why would we evolve senses at all? Surely we wouldnt have eyes and ears ect. If we evolved not needing or using them. So does every animal that has the same sensors as us have the same intuition of space as we do? This idea seems to be begging the question ? what came first the intuition of space, or the senses and the ability to perceive it? For one seems to be seems to be surely useless with out the other. Kants concept seems to work if we just look at a snap shot of the world functioning today, however it does not satisfy how the world got to be the way it is. Perhaps this is not goal he was wanting to achieve, but for his concept to hold these questions of evolution need to be answered. Kants claims show the faults in past concepts, however his concepts is not total solid yet either. Kant resolves some issues, but then raises some more. It seems now that we cant take for granted what we all assume that we learn about space through experience, and it seems too that space exists in its own right. Kant seems to make this clear, he does not however clearly prove that space is known by intuition alone.

A Sense Of Urgency And John P Kotter Philosophy Essay

A Sense Of Urgency And John P Kotter Philosophy Essay John  P.  Kotter  is the Konosuke Matsushita Professor of Leadership, Emeritus, at Harvard Business School. Kotter is an eminent and renowned author in the field of writing books regarding change in the organizations. John Kotter is internationally and extremely regarded as the speaker and a critical thinker on the topic of change and leadership. Kotter is also famous for his authentic opinions for bringing about change and has a distinguished place as an international business consultant. His latest book A Sense of Urgency in which he talked about eight steps to overcome and embrace change is a sequel of his previous work, Leading Change and Our Iceberg Is Melting The first step of the eight is a sense of urgency which is poorly handled by the most organization and consequently becomes the reason of organizational decline, so Kotter presents and suggests the gruesome guidelines to the organizations that how they would actually transform successfully. Kotters wide experience an d knowledge on affluent change have been proven time and again. The title of the book A Sense of Urgency is very appropriate with its subject matter. He discusses in his book the first step in bringing change in the organizations in detail. He identifies the single and enormous factor to a successful change, which also is regarded his number-one principle: creating a true sense of urgency. SUMMARY John Kotter in his book A Sense of Urgency tries to answer the most frequently asked question, What is the single biggest error people make when they try to change? In the course of his research and asking different managers about their experience, he landed on the finale, that at the groundwork of any effort to change you have to start with a sense of urgency. This can sometimes be mistaken for a false sense of urgency. Everyone looks like they are actively achieving the companys goal but really they are aggravated and forced. This can make it hard to keep your focus on the companys main objective. In this book, A Sense of Urgency the distinction between true urgency and false urgency will be discussed. To maintain urgency up, over a large period of time, urgency has to be re-created over and over again. Urgency basically always leads to triumph, which then leads to satisfaction. This satisfaction is for the most part obvious, after a company encounters a large grow and the captivating frame of mind is conspicuous. A triumph allows people to feel that the urgency is over and they become complacent with their work. But when a triumph has been made rejoice, it is hard to be provoked daily without ever feeling like you accomplished anything. Kotter stresses upon the fact of complacency in the organizations. In the beginning he somewhat accepts the reality that this complacency is actually a root cause of the downfall of any organization. As per his point of view, in this fast moving world everything is changing quickly and the people who do not want to cope with it, would soon tumble down. They have no perspectives of their own. Their sluggish behavior will soon hazardous for not only to them but their surroundings too. They always think that they are perfect and challenges are only being faced by others. It does not prove that the writer wants to implement a sudden change which would only occur in such a way that people make presentation on power point and lot of meetings being arranged and in the end no solution would be made. Kotter is not in the favor of false urgency. It usually brings frantic results which destructs the action of true urgency. The writer believes in a positive approach in life. He approves the time of all is well or everything is a mess has gone and the behavior to move forward and win is required. Political and social environment keeps on changing and what a single person can do is, to move ahead without having any repercussion of his past failures. Kotter presents different tactics by narrating anecdotal stories and detailed tool to make the book more pragmatic and useful. His tactics are: 1. Identification of the lack of right urgency. 2. Face the reality of change. 3. Patience in the crises. 4. being steadfast to overcome the ordeals in the way of change. Kotter deals with many problems and misunderstandings surrounding to the concept of urgency. In his opinion urgency itself is very necessary part to all businesses, not just who initiates to bring about change. Employees become oblivious to change possibilities, whether good or bad. He describes that every move towards urgency is not usually beneficial but only true urgency is productive in such cases. He uses times and again, a word right sense of urgency in his book. To maintain the right sense of urgency is a real job, not only to apply it and leave it without any endorsement. He promotes to work smartly not hastily; and the sense of profit and loss at the right time, because if the right decision is not taken at the right time, there is no use of such right decision. A real sense of urgency should amazingly be encouraging and spongy and does not mean to close the eyes when the trouble comes. It should be a stimulant which makes you ready to confront the projects and predicaments that would normally consume their work schedule. Only try to get away with complacency by saying, what we are doing is not longer what we will need in the future. Kotter refused to adopt the habit of complacency because in doing so organization becomes self centered and do not allow outer components of the business and this results in the downfall of the organization. Instead of suppressing the complacency, often a rapid and quick sense of urgency is seen which is also not in favor of organizational health. He further explains that whenever change occurs in any organization there is always a first group who do not accept crises pleasantly rather they are much concerned about the consequences of the change. On the other hand there is a second group whose attitude is rather supportive and encouraging to the management. They seem to avail every opportunity from the crises and try to reinvent the organization by making necessary changes in it. The idea of working well in the past hinders to bring about change. Urgency in this situation should be recreated over and over again. So to speak the truth, not only the employees of the organization but owners themselves are subject to the destruction of their businesses. The owners are sometimes obsessed with their continuous success and forget to see the new prospects. Consequently, it brings about catastrophic deterioration in the business from inside in the end. At this point Kotter seems confident enough to plead his case when he asserts on the managers and the employees to foresee the outcome beforehand. External aspects in the process of change are as important as internal issues, because management usually ignores the role of external pressure upon the internal environment of the organization. It is observed that whenever these external intrusions are not handled correctly the budget schedule of the organization get affected badly. So the act of complacency and false urgency are contradiction in terms of true urgency ANALYSIS Like any other book this book has both its strengths and weaknesses and each are intertwined with the other. In other words some of the books greatest strength can also be considered its greatest weakness. STRENGTHS The great organization of the book is flawless. The writing style is easy. He uses a very simple language which can be understood easily. He presents very significant issues to bring about change in an organization. The title page is extremely meaningful and appropriate to the subject matter. He spots the light over three main key issues to consider during organizational change initiatives i.e. urgency, complacency and false sense of urgency and describes them in detail. Kotter is a strong advocate of bringing change in an organizational culture because without being change, progress in this world is not feasible. He suggests that leaders should win the hearts and minds of their staff. To employ the right amount of urgency, one must presents a rational case for change as part of an overall approach to engage the hearts and emotions of the people within the organizations. Kotter seems to play with the words, for instance, the use of false urgency in the contrast of right urgency has made his work comprehensible, that even an ordinary reader can differentiate the distinction between the two. This book has made different managers able to know that urgency is that big of a problem in business who always thought of urgency in the sense of an emergency, not anything to do with business. This book really opened their eyes up to the notion of urgency in many ways. The people who strive to be the manager, that not only listens to their employees when they have suggestions, but actually takes them into consideration for further growth. All while paying close attention to the real anxieties and frustrations they have when rules and system just do not work for every position. Also, they will try to be that person that evokes a true sense of urgency everyday so that everyone around them feels that they have to spend their day getting as much productive work done as they possibly can. Each sub tactic contains a focused page and a half discussion of what they are and how leaders can implement the idea. This detail and its presentation is what really distinguishes the book and brings something new to discuss. Complacency is the crucial word he has used through and through in his book which means, A feeling of contentment and satisfaction, especially when coupled with an awareness of danger and trouble. It is not just a thought but a feeling. This feeling can bring catastrophic downfall in ones constant successful future. This feeling makes them lazy and lethargic and when they come to know about their decline, they hastily adopt the behavior of false urgency which is directly opposite to complacency, it turns over into arrogance. Consequently some radical steps should be taken. Kotter here tries to persuade his readers the significance of good communicative relationship between employer and employee. He thinks that a leader should play a role of a bridge between him and his workers. Meaningful communication with the employees and a critical feedback from the customers and their personal opinions should be welcomed WEAKNESSES The books main weak point is that it is not detailed in their examples. There are discussions of nondescript companies that reduce rather than support the messages. Most of the case stories do not have a conclusion the results companies were able to achieve. This makes the examples more fables that case studies. Initially the book does not distinguish that there are other approaches to change management and urgency. This discourages the reader the ability to place A Sense of Urgency in the background of the broader literature. This book does not recommend or provide any idea to its reader to enhance his knowledge regarding change. Secondly, there are less pragmatic solutions to be implemented in the organization for the desired change. Another aspect of the book that may fall prey to criticism in the area of tangible examples is once again modified to be used by the community of corporate organization and for businesses and not by other groups. Kotter provides various relevant tactics that can be broadly applied in the business organizations not in other educational institutes. Finally, there are some unexpected gaps in the book that by themselves do not weaken the book, but in total they certainly take away from its power. First the book does not recognize that there are other approaches to change management and urgency. This denies the reader the ability to put A Sense of Urgency in the context of the broader literature. This is really unfortunate as this book should replace some ideas and enhance others Kotter leaves that up to the reader rather than providing a recommendation. Second, the book has no index, which not only makes it tougher to use after the fact, but also is a silly omission. CONCLUSION This book is well worth reading if one has an interest in organizational change. This book would definitely motivate the team members of any organization and will instill a sense of urgency into their work to a certain degree. It is an easy read and full of helpful information. It is an excellent primer for anyone interested in learning how to encourage the proper sense of urgency by winning over the hearts and minds of their organization. With several tactical leadership approaches existing, leaders can properly create change and help their group feel at ease throughout their transform. By creating and maintaining a sense of urgency, communicating a clear path toward success, and integrating new patterns into the workers daily lives, leaders can efficiently bring about positive change. With the current economical crisis forcing firms and companies to either go down or up, the only way for these organizations to succeed is for leaders to hold change and become accustomed accordingly. People need to see leaders dealing with change so they can have someone to identify with. The book is especially relevant in the current recession. Now is the time to read the book and take action immediately while people still have a crisis that is disrupting the status quo. As an information-development organization, you may feel true urgency to improve the usability of you information or you may want to increase the efficiency of your operation to make you companys products more competitive. Be careful of complacently looking inward. The task is not to produce works of art but to support the companys products. Too often, writer become more interested in the technicalities of writing rather than focusing on customer needs so these are tools, not vain rights. More than ever, one must improve their good organization. Improvements that will be arranged now will be invaluable when the company is back to full steam ahead after the recession ends.

Americas Role in the World Trade Organization Debate Over China Essay

America's Role in the World Trade Organization Debate Over China The open question on Chinese accession, both in the WTO and in China itself, is whether China is more likely to adopt and sustain economic reforms if it is granted early membership or if membership is delayed until policy reforms are undertaken. (Schott 40, 1996) I. Introduction This observation from Jeffery Schott of the Institute for International Economics captures the essence of the China-World Trade Organization debate in America and the world today. China’s unprecedented economic growth has put it at the forefront of the US trade agenda. America’s is the biggest economy and China’s is the most populous nation, in terms of sheer number of people. To conjoin these two great international forces in a more complete way than the previous, bilateral agreements have would be of immeasurable value to both countries. Just in the past two weeks, China and the United States concluded their much-anticipated bilateral trade agreement, which paves the way for China’s accession intro the WTO. Concurrently, the United States has some domestic issues to resolve regarding its trade relationship with China before China can become a universally accepted member. The organ that embodies this global trading order is of course the World Trade Organ ization, or WTO. As we will see in greater depth later in this paper, the United States has a crucial, one could say pivotal, role in allowing China to be totally accepted into the world economy. Underlying all these discussions of politics and legalities, there remains the premise that both the United States and China are eager for China to become an equal, active participant in the world trading system. Both are poin... ...Uruguay Round. Geneva: World Trade Organization Grow, Roy and Burton Levin and Al Porte and Robert White. 1998. "United States-China Relations in the Twenty-First Century" The American Assembly at Columbia University Haass, Richard and Nicholas Lardy. 1997. "The United States and China" A New Framework." Brookings Institute Lardy, Nicholas. 1997. "China and the WTO" Brooking Institute Robertson, Jack. 1999. "China is on slow boat to the WTO." Electronic Buyers’ News Issue 1184, page PG4 Schott, Jeffrey. 1996. WTO 2000:Setting the Course for World Trade. Washington, DC: The Institute for International Economics Smith, Adam. 1981 [1776] .An Inquiry into The Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. Indianapolis, IN: Liberty Fund The Wall Street Journal, November 16, 1999. The Dow Jones Company

Ice Hockey Essay -- Hockey Sports Research Papers

Ice Hockey This report is going to be on the game Ice hockey. A game of hockey is divided into three twenty minute time periods that are called periods. Between each period there is a fifth teen minute intermission. In hockey there are several ways a game may end if there is a tie at the end of regulation. The pros use one twenty sudden death period in which the first to score is the winner. In the amateurs they use a shoot out in which five players from each team are selected and allowed to go one on one with the opposing goalie and which ever team scores the most goals after all five members for both teams have taken their shot they are the winners. If there is a tie after this it keeps repeating until a winner is crowned.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A team is allowed only six players on the ice at a time. These players consist of a goalie, right and left defensemen, right and left wingers, and a center. Defensemen stay back towards the blue line so none of the opposing team can get behind them. The wingmen stay towards their respective sides of the net. The center does just that jams the front of the net to either screen (block the view of) the goalie or deflects the shot into the net. The goalie, mostly stays in his crease to protect the goal however if he wants he may leave his crease (the light blue area by the net in the photo).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Because of the speed of the game it is the only sport in which substitutions are allowed to be made while the game is in progress. The pace of...

William and Ellen Craft

3-7-2012 Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom By: William Craft and Ellen Craft Beginning in the principal slave state of Georgia, â€Å"Running a Thousand Miles for Freedom† details the adventure and eventual escape from slavery of William Kraft and his wife Ellen craft. In December of 1848, both received written passes from their owners allowing them a few days away together. They would make the most of it and never return to bondage. Ellen craft was the daughter of her first master and as such was almost white.So much so that after being frequently mistaken as a child of the house she was given to a daughter, her half-sister, as a wedding present when she was 11 years old. Though both William and Ellen's Masters were moderately humane; neither could stand the thought of marriage or children while being slaves. Ellen in particular, after being separated from her own mother at such a tender age, could not stomach the thought of her own child being taken away from her in a sim ilar manner. But as they saw no escape from their positions, they eventually were married.William Kraft focuses on the adventure of their escape and how the mindset of American slaveholders seemed to continually oppress his race while giving written appreciation to those who helped in securing their freedom along the way. William, himself, was a cabinet maker who watched as his entire family was sold one by one for money or to pay his master's debt. Through this great anguish or more so because of it, he devised a plan to disguise his nearly white wife as an invalid white gentleman and he as a servant slave to him.Leading up to their few days pass, William purchased Ellen's disguise a piece at a time from different parts of the city. At the appointed time, she put on trousers, a gentleman's jacket, and a top hat. Some bandages about her face, spectacles, and sling on her writing hand completed the outfit and their journey began. First they boarded a train to savannah, Georgia, and t hen took an omnibus to the steamer bound for Charleston, South Carolina. They traveled through Richmond to Baltimore, with not one person seeing through Ellen's disguise though they were questioned several times and both were scared and sleep deprived.Their biggest test came in Baltimore while securing tickets to Philadelphia as this was the last port before they would arrive in a free state. William was questioned by an officer who saw him on the train and both he and Ellen had to satisfy the man that Ellen, playing the part of a Mr. Johnson, had the right to take his slave to Philadelphia with him for the purpose of seeking medical advice for Mr. Johnson’s supposed rheumatism. Through sheer will and determination they were able to continue this facade and allowed to board the train, where they arrived in the free state of Pennsylvania on Christmas day.With the enactment of the Fugitive Slave Bill their safety was no longer guaranteed and they left America after two years in Boston. They sailed to England, where they would live in exile for the next 19 years and have numerous children. They would be abolitionists, teachers, authors, and speakers for the rest of their lives. The author gives thanks to the abolitionists and the anti-slavery movement leaders by including their names and the specific event and manner in which their aid was given.He directly expresses how he and his wife could not have completed this journey without it. He is very descriptive yet conveys their story not from the perspective of a violated victim of slavery- but from an enlightened position of knowledge having overcame the trappings of bondage. It is of particular note the irony and shame of a country founded on the principles of freedom, having fought and died for that cause of escape from England, forcing these honorable human beings to that same country in order to preserve their own freedom.

Culture

This paper will discourse research about civilization and multicultural instruction. Let us foremost define civilization. Culture is the entirety of socially transmitted behaviour forms, humanistic disciplines, beliefs, establishments, and all other merchandises of human work and idea. It is besides those forms, traits, and merchandises considered as the look of a peculiar period, category, community, or population. It is besides those forms, traits, and merchandises considered with regard to a peculiar class, such as a field, capable, or manner of look. Finally, it is the ruling attitudes and behaviour that characterize the operation of a group or organisation. Now let us specify multicultural instruction. Multicultural instruction is a set of schemes and stuffs in U.S. instruction that were developed to help instructors to advance democracy while reacting to the many issues created by quickly altering demographics of their pupils. Now that we have defined both civilization and mult icultural instruction we will look at and explicate how multicultural instruction can turn to cultural differences and cultural prejudice in our educational system. The followers are some ways that multicultural instruction can turn to cultural differences and cultural prejudice in schools. Every pupil must hold equal chance to accomplish to their full potency. An illustration would be engineering. Some pupils have entree to computing machines at place but others may non. If the instructor assigns a undertaking that requires computing machine usage so the instructor needs to do clip in the schoolroom to let the pupils to utilize the computing machine. This allows each pupil to hold the same chance to win in this assigned undertaking. Every pupil must be prepared to take part in a multicultural schoolroom. Communication barriers can do this a hard undertaking for both the instructor and pupil. A manner to assist cover with this issue is to hold an interrupter in the category for those pupils who can non yet pass on in English. Teachers must be prepared to learn every single pupil, no affair how culturally similar or different they are. The instru ctor can make this by leting the pupils to convey in their ain experiences into schoolroom activities. Schools must be active participants in stoping bias of all types, foremost by stoping it in the school and so by bring forthing socially and critically active and cognizant pupils. This is done foremost by disposal taking the clip to learn the instructors about cultural tolerance and so by the instructors taking that cognition and learning their pupils cultural tolerance. Education must go pupil centered and inclusive of the voices and experiences of the pupils. Every pupil has experiences in their life that they need to be allowed to convey into the schoolroom and portion with their equals and instructors. This allows others to larn about another civilization and will assist pupils to be tolerant with each other. Educators, militants, and others must take a more active function in reviewing all educational patterns and how they affect the acquisition of all pupils which include: p roving methods, learning attacks, rating and appraisal, school psychological science and guidance, educational stuffs and text editions. It is critical that proving methods be done in a manner that makes all pupils equal. If that means a non-English speech production pupil takes a trial in their ain linguistic communication so that is what needs to be done. Appraisal should besides be done in a mode that is just for every pupil. Some pupils do good on standard type trials but others do non so their demands to be other signifiers of appraisal that shows the true cognition of what the pupil has achieved such as a portfolio or a group undertaking. These things are merely the tip of what can and should be implemented in a schoolroom to do it a successful multicultural acquisition environment. Thingss that instructors and pupils in a educational scene demand to watch out for are as follows. Teachers and pupils need to larn from generalisations about other civilizations, but non to utilize those generalisations to pigeonhole, compose off or oversimplify your thoughts about others. The best usage of a generalisation is to add it to your cognition so that you can break understand and appreciate other civilizations. The following thing is to pattern communicating. That ‘s the first regulation, because it ‘s in the making that we really acquire better at cross-cultural communicating. Besides, do non presume that there is one right manner to pass on. Different civilizations communicate in different ways and it is of import to larn how a civilization different from yours communicates. Keep oppugning your premises about the right manner to pass on. For illustration, think about your organic structure linguistic communication because positions that indicate receptivity in one civilization might bespeak aggressiveness in another. Make non presume that dislocations in communicating occur because other people are on the incorrect path. Search for ways to do the communicating work, instead than seeking for who should have the incrimination for the dislocation. Another thing to be careful to make is to listen actively and sympathetically. Try to set yourself in the others places, particularly when others perceptual experiences or thoughts are really different from your ain, you might necessitate to run at the border of your ain comfort zone. Besides, Respect others ‘ picks about whether to prosecute in communicating with you. Honor their sentiments about what is traveling on. When a struggle arises you need to halt, suspend judgement, and seek to look at the state of affairs as an foreigner. Besides, be prepared for a treatment of the yesteryear. Use this as an chance to develop an apprehension from the other ‘s point of position, instead t han acquiring defensive or impatient. Acknowledge historical events that have taken topographic point. Be unfastened to larning more about them. Honest recognition of the mistreatment and subjugation that have taken topographic point on the footing of cultural difference is critical for effectual communicating. Have an consciousness of current power instabilities and openness to hearing each other ‘s perceptual experiences of those instabilities is besides necessary for understanding each other and working together. Remember that cultural norms may non use to the behaviour of any peculiar person. We are all shaped by many factors such as our cultural background, our household, our instruction, and our personalities and we are more complicated than any cultural norm could propose. To recap what has been discussed in this paper we have learned the working definitions for both civilization and multicultural instruction. Then we discussed how multicultural instruction can turn to cultural differences and prejudice in an educational scene. We have besides learned what things should non be done in the schoolroom, because they would impede a successful multicultural instruction within the schoolroom scene.MentionsAvruch, Kevin and Peter Black. ( 1993 ) . Conflict Resolution in Intercultural Settings: Problems and Prospects, in Conflict Resolution Theory and Practice: Integration and Application. New York: St. Martin ‘s Press. Nichols, Edwin J. ( November 10, 1976 ) . A presentation made to the World Psychiatric Association and Association of Psychiatrists in Nigeria.

Metaphysical Poetry Essay

In the view of some critics, poems of this period have ‘delighted, puzzled and alienated readers’. What do you consider to be the demands and rewards for the readers of Metaphysical poetry? Refer in detail to at least three poems from this section of the anthology. You should consider the argument of the poems and the poet’s choices of language and verse form. Metaphysical poetry bases its ideas on explaining an extended metaphor, often on important and intellectual subjects such as the transience of life, mans relationship with God and love, in a context that entertains readers rather than boring them. This extended metaphor is known as the metaphysical conceit. It is often subtle, and therefore to some readers can be overlooked. However, for the readers who are able to uncover it, it can provide a deeper insight into the true meaning of the poem and can also make them question their own views on the subject, this is the reward intellectual readers receive from reading metaphysical poetry. Metaphysical poetry is often directed at intellectual readers. Some phrases in the poems would require prior knowledge to understand. This means that not all readers would be able to grasp the true meaning of the poem, or would overlook phrases. For example, in To His Coy Mistress Marvell uses several biblical references, such as ‘I would love you ten years before the flood’. This refers to Noah’s ark, and the flood depicted in the Bible. By using this image he is expressing that he would love her ten years before the beginning of time, and this is a subtle but strong compliment to his love. He also uses another biblical reference, ‘And you should, if you please, refuse Till the conversion of the Jews’. Those with prior knowledge would understand the idea that the Jews will never convert. The speaker in the poem is saying that she could refuse him forever and he would still love her. A reader who does not have biblical knowledge would surely overlook these phrases, but a reader who understands the strong compliments in this statements would have a much more enjoyable read of the poem, and would discover an extra level of meaning. This is one of the rewards of reading and understanding Metaphysical poetry. The idea of religion works in metaphysical poetry more than just in references to create subtle ideas. Religion is a common topic in Metaphysical poetry. Poems such as Love by George Herbert are based entirely around religion. In this poem, the speaker describes his interaction with God. This image of God is also personified as Love, and may suggest that God is love. Again, some readers may overlook this, and not realise that the person described in the poem is actually God. The way we can see that this figure is God is due to the use of lexis from the semantic field of religion. Words such as ‘sin’, ‘soul’, ‘Lord’ and ‘serve’ are all present, and this lexis is common in religious literature. The idea of religion works both ways, however. In To His Coy Mistress, although there is some reference to religion – as discussed earlier – there are also several phrases that don’t give an image of religion. The phrases ‘deserts of vast eternity’ is used to describe the afterlife, and this is an image that many Christians would not believe to be the afterlife. Marvell is suggesting a different view from the idea that everyone will go to either Heaven or Hell, an advanced view for a man living in an extremely religious time. One major device metaphysical poets use is the idea of a metaphysical conceit. All the metaphysical poems uses a metaphor to compare dissimilar things. For example, in Robert Herrick’s To Daffodils people are likened to daffodils, in relation to the transience of life. He uses phrases such as ‘haste away so soon’, and ‘We have short time to stay as you’. He is saying that, like daffodils, people will die too. This is a strange concept, but as you read the poem you begin to understand his logic. It would take a sophisticated mind to understand the ideas Herrick presents, but those who do understand would receive a deeper understanding of his argument. Structurally, Metaphysical poets use structure to present ideas in a clear and logical fashion. The ideas are often complex, and so, like an essay about a complicated topic, structure helps the reader understand. One common form of structure is to separate the poem into parts, each with an argument that leads to a clear conclusion. In To His Coy Mistress Marvell separates his argument into three parts. In the first part he describes what he would do if he had all the time in the world, how he would ‘adore each breast’ for two hundred years. However, in the second part he describes how he does not have that amount of time to adore her, and that she would die long before, and ‘worms shall try that long-preserved virginity’. In the final part Marvell concludes that as he does not have the time to adore her how he wishes, she should yield to his passion. This is a developed argument in three parts, and is a form of syllogism. It helps the reader understand the intent of the poem in a similar way to using paragraphs would in an essay. Rhythm is also used in metaphysical poetry to express the writers values. In To Daffodils the writer is presented as a person who has an unusual lack of trepidation for death. The opening quatrain is written in a mixture of iambic tetrameter and trimeter. This gives it a childish and nursery rhyme like rhythm. This helps to show the reader how the writer is uncaring about the situation, and is almost nonchalant about death. The line ‘stay, stay’, puts a halt to the childlike rhyme, but in a way could be perceived to make the first stanza sound almost like a lullaby. This makes the poem seem very calm and simple, feelings not usually associated with death and the transience of life. Feeling the effects of this rhythm show the reader the true feelings of the writer in a way many would not see. In conclusion, the metaphysical poets used many different devices to hide away many of the main ideas of their poems. Whilst many readers can understand the basic idea of the poem, they will not gain a full understanding of the point the poet is trying to make unless they have the knowledge and understanding required of a reader of Metaphysical poetry. For this reason, many will feel puzzled and alienated, whilst others will be truly delighted once they have gained the deeper understanding.

American Writers Essay

Introduction This is a kind of work that I like very much to do because of help me to remember and memorize everything that I learned and help me to broaden my vocabulary. In this journal I’m going to do a brief analysis of everything that I learned in classes, poems, films, magazines, authors, books and other things. My objectives in this journal are not only get a good mark but also, as I mencioned, learned something else. So, enjoy this travel! â€Å"Introduction to Poetry† by Billy Collins 18/09/2012. â€Å"Two Trains Running† by Tony Hoagland 18/09/2012 What is poetry? 20/09/2012 Poetry is a form of writing in which the author chooses the length of the lines, and not the publisher. Terry Eagletor â€Å"High Windows† by Philip Larkin 20/09/2012 Poems about writing poetry 25/09/2012 â€Å"Purity† by Billy Collins â€Å"I go back to May 1937† by Sharon Olds 25/09/2012 â€Å"Paradelle for Susan† by Billy Collins 25/09/2012 â€Å"Duck/Rabbit† by Billy Collins 25/09/2012 Factors that influenced interpretation 2/10/2012 Example: â€Å"The Sick Rose† by William Blake. Satan Says (Pitt poetry series): Sharon Olds (1980) 4/10/2012 â€Å"The sisters of sexual treasure† â€Å"First night† â€Å"Indictment of Senior Officers† â€Å"Satan says† â€Å"Tricks† â€Å"The language of the brag† â€Å"Night terrors† â€Å"Late† â€Å"The housewives watching morning TV† â€Å"Prayer† The Dead and the Living: Sharon Olds (1984) â€Å"Poem to my first lover† â€Å"New mother† The Unswept Room: Sharon Olds (2002) â€Å"His Costume† â€Å"Blood, Tin, Straw†- 1999 16/10/2012 â€Å"Coming of Age, 1966† by Sharon Olds â€Å"The Toilet† by Gcina Mhlophe 18/10/2012. Extract of a novel â€Å"Dirty Weekend† by Helen Zahavi 23/10/2012 Introduction to the Sherman Alexie’s book â€Å"Flight† 6/11/2012 Chapter 1 and 2 Chapters 3 to 10 of â€Å"Flight† by Sherman Alexie 8/11/2012 Magazine â€Å"Native Peoples† 8/11/2012 â€Å"Flight is supposed to be beautiful . It’s supposed to be pure. † 13/11/2012 Movie â€Å"War Party† by Franc Roddam 15/11/2012 Literary and non-literary texts J M Coetzee- â€Å"The Life and Times of Michael K† Toni Morrison- â€Å"A Mercy† Anita Heiss- â€Å"Avoiding Mr. Right† Zane Grey- â€Å"The Spirit of the Border†. Stephen King- â€Å"The wolves of the Calla† Literary texts| | â€Å"A Mercy† by Toni Morrisonâ€Å"The Wolves of the Calla† by Stephen Kingâ€Å"The Spirit of the Border† by Zane GreyThese, are literary texts because express the inner and subjective reality of the author, allows various interpretations and not intended to inform but recreate the reality. | | Feminism 18/10/2012 â€Å"In a different voice†:Carol Gilligan â€Å"Writing a woman’s life†: Carolin Heilbrun â€Å"Ariel†: Sylvia Plath â€Å"As Novas Cartas Portuguesas†: Maria Teresa Horta

University of Southern California Summer Programs for High Schoolers

Many high schoolers (and parents!) think that a part-time job is the best way for teenagers to spend their summers. However, summer programs designed specifically for high school students can provide benefits that they can’t get from a traditional part-time job. Summer programs are a great way for high school students to develop their interests and learn more about college and potential career paths. Plus, participating in a summer program can make a student’s application stronger by senior year. Many of these programs are short, usually one or two weeks, and can be done alongside part-time jobs or volunteer opportunities, so teenagers don’t have to choose one over the other. The University of Southern California knows how valuable summer programs can be for high school students, and that’s why we’ve dedicated an entire post to the programs available at USC. You’ll find that many of these programs offer college credit in addition to the benefits we’ll outline below. We’re giving parents a quick look at the USC summer programs to help you figure out which program will work best given your student’s goals and interests. Summer programs for high school students are about more than having fun (although there’s plenty of that too!). One of the main benefits of summer program is that they allow high school students to specialize in an area of interest without the distraction of other schoolwork or constraints. They provide an inside look into an industry that most students wouldn’t be able to get in a traditional class setting, and expand students’ awareness of opportunities in that field. Many summer programs are at colleges and universities, which provide an additional bonus of helping students get a feel for campus life. Not only that, these programs often provide high school students with hard-to-find resources which can be invaluable to them as they prepare to apply to college, such as specialized learning communities or even scholarships. Again, there’s no need to choose between working over the summer and doing a summer program. Colleges like USC offer programs at a variety of lengths, so that you can choose the program that allows your student to balance work and family obligations while pursuing their interests. College admissions officers care about students’ extracurricular activities and often consider them not only for admissions but for awarding merit scholarships. They want to see that students pursued their interests outside of the classroom and took advantage of any resources available to them. Summer programs are more interesting to admissions counselors than other types of extracurriculars because fewer students participate in them, and the experiences can be valuable material for an admission essay. This is especially true when the summer program is held at a top school like USC. Perhaps the greatest advantage of attending a summer program at a college is the chance to connect with current students and faculty. One of our top recommendations for helping students get into their dream school is to connect with students who were successfully admitted to that school, and summer programs make that a much easier process for high school students. By attending a program at USC, high school students get to know current USC students and can get the inside scoop about what it’s really like to get in and attend. Our Early Advising Program helps students in 9th and 10th grade discover their passions and build strong academic and extracurricular profiles to succeed in high school. USC has two different options for summer programs: a 4-week credit program and a 2-week non-credit program. The more common one is the 4-week credit program, where students will earn an elective college credit. However, for students who need more flexibility, USC offers 2-week non-credit programs in some of their popular subjects. All of these programs, credit or non-credit, can strengthen your student’s application and help them refine their career interests. We encourage you to choose the one that best suits your student’s goals. These program costs are all approximate. There may be differences in cost based on whether a student stays on-campus or decides to commute, is a California resident or not, or if there are scholarships available. Students explore a career in architecture during this 4-week program. Students will take field trips to renowned architectural sites, learn the fundamentals of architecture, and get insight into what a compelling architecture portfolio entails. Learn more about the Exploration of Architecture Program . Students delve into entrepreneurship during this 4-week program. Students will have the chance to hear from entrepreneurs, take field trips to meet with ventures and startup firms, and apply their skills to develop their own business. Learn more about the Exploring Entrepreneurship Program . Students learn marketing, operations, and finance during this 4-week program. Students will get an overview of all the major departments in a business, including marketing, finance, ethics, and management. Learn more about the Introduction to Business Program . Students explore prototyping technologies during this 4-week program. Students will learn the fundamentals of 3D design and apply their skills to create their own 3D prototypes. Learn more about the 3D Design and Prototyping Program . Students design, build, and test during hands-on activities in this 4-week program. Students will explore the different engineering disciplines through classroom activities and group projects. Learn more about the Discover Engineering Program . Create your own video game through hands-on activities in this 4-week program. Students will create original games, playtest games in production, and learn about the technology used to design video games. Learn more about the Introduction to Video Game Design Program . Students develop electronic and digital prototypes during hands-on activities in this 4-week program. This unique experience blends engineering and entrepreneurship to help students invent a valuable product. Learn more about the Technology Innovation Experience Program . Students discover approaches to preventing disease in diverse communities worldwide in this 4-week program. This program is perfect for students interested in medicine, public health, anthropology, international relations, international business, law and social justice. Learn more about the Global Health Trends and Challenges Program . Students explore approaches to conflict resolution in this 4-week program. This program is perfect for students interested in diplomacy or understanding why conflicts emerge in the first place. Learn more about the International Relations Program . Students write stories about real people and issues in Los Angeles in this 4-week program. They will get to explore online reporting, blogging, and multimedia technology. Learn more about the News Reporting in the Digital Age Program . Students explore multi-platform sports journalism in this 4-week program. This program combines hands-on learning assignments with field trips and state-of-the-art in-studio production. Learn more about the Sports Journalism: Multi-Platform Storytelling Program . Students explore normal brain development in this 4-week program. They’ll participate in labs to learn about how we think and express ourselves and develop a final course project. Learn more about The Brain: Introduction to Neuroscience Program . Students get to shadow physicians in this 4-week program. Perfect for the student who wants to become a doctor, students will hear from a variety of medical professionals and even learn the basics of suturing. Learn more about the Future Physicians Program . Students explore the field of mental health in this 4-week program. They’ll review case studies, take a field trip to the Self-Realization Fellowship Lake Shrine, and develop a final project with their peers. Learn more about the My Mind & Me: Introduction to Mental Health Program . Students delve into the fascinating world of psychology in this 4-week program. They’ll learn about meditation, take personality tests, and go on field trips to various shelters and labs. Learn more about the Psychological Science and Society Program . Students critically examine the criminal justice system in this 4-week program. They will meet with lawyers and activists, attend criminal court proceedings, and explore different career opportunities in criminal justice. Learn more about the    Exploring Criminal Justice Program . Students participate in legal analysis and writing in this 4-week program. They’ll get an inside look into the U.S. Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals and learn how to prepare for law school. Learn more about the Legal Reasoning and Argumentation Program . Students build a strong foundation in acting during this 4-week program. They will learn in a conservatory-style environment from theatre professionals, attend professional theatre productions, and rehearse and perform workshop productions. Learn more about the Acting Intensive Program . Students work with comedy professionals in this 4-week program. They will participate in a conservatory-style environment with a strong emphasis on improv, sketch, standup, and industry-focused master classes. Learn more about the Comedy Performance Program . Students will enhance their ability to bring a story to life in this 4-week program. They’ll participate in acting, singing, and dance classes and take field trips to see professional theatre in Los Angeles. Learn more about the Musical Theatre Program . Students will experience the collaborative environment of a writing workshop. They will learn about the variety of creative writing formats, including poetry, short stories, and nonfiction, and even work on developing a compelling admissions essay. Learn more about the Creative Writing Workshop Program . Students explore pressing moral questions in this 4-week program. They will learn university-level argumentation and critical thinking, participate in respectful debates, and hear from leaders in business and technology. Learn more about the Ethics in the 21st Century: Business, Politics, & Technology Program . Students explore a career in architecture in this 2-week program. Students will learn the fundamentals of architecture and get insight into what a compelling architecture portfolio includes concurrently with the 4-week credit program. Learn more about the Exploration of Architecture 2-Week Program . Students receive an introduction to kinesiology and movement science in this 2-week program. They learn about career options in kinesiology, hear from experts in the field and participate in labs to deepen their understanding. Learn more about the Kinesiology 2-Week Program . As you can see, there are plenty of opportunities for students to learn more about different industries and experience college firsthand. If your student missed a deadline, you can always plan for next summer. In the meantime, there are plenty of other activities that students can participate in over the summer to stay engaged, including getting involved in community organizations, volunteer service, and working. You can find more ideas for giving your student a productive summer in our post Summer Activities to Strengthen your College Applications . It can be hard to find summer programs that will interest your student and work for both your schedules. That’s why ’s Mentorship Program helps students identify activities to refine their interests and strengthen their portfolios. Find out if our Mentorship Program is right for you!